Sometimes a student of religion will say: “I seek knowledge for its
own sake, not for some ulterior motive.” What the student intends by
this statement is certainly correct: that he or she is sincere to learn
about the religion, not after a diploma or a degree or something else of
that sort. Nevertheless, the statement itself is wrong.
One of the pitfalls that a student of Islam can fall into is to seek
religious knowledge for its own sake. Knowledge is a desire like any
other human desire. It can be sought for the pure pleasure of acquiring
it and not for Allah’s sake. This is true even for religious knowledge.
People love to discover new things. It is a natural human inclination.
When a person strives long and hard to find something out, then comes
upon the answer, it can be quite exhilarating. This encourages that
person to study further.
Islam, however, does not call upon us to seek Islamic knowledge for its
own sake, but rather to seek it in order to put it to use. The scholars
of old used to say: “Knowledge calls out to us with actions. It is
either answered by actions or it goes away.”
Allah describes the people of knowledge in the following way: “Those who
were given knowledge beforehand, when it is recited to them, fall on
their faces in prostration. And they say: ‘Glory be to our Lord. Truly
the promise of our Lord is fulfilled. They fall on their faces crying
and it increases them in humility.” [Sūrah al-Isrā’: 107-109]
Here we see how knowledge gives them humility and makes them fall in prostration to Allah.
Allah says: “Only those who have knowledge truly fear Allah.” [Sūrah Fātir: 28]
This verse is often cited as evidence that the scholars are the “best of
Creation” referred to in Allah’s words: “Those who have faith and do
righteous deeds, they are the best of Creation. There reward is with
Allah; gardens beneath which rivers flow. They will dwell therein
forever. Allah will be well pleased with them and they with Him. This is
for those who fear their Lord.” [Sūrah al-Bayyinah: 7-8]
They argue that since the “best of Creation” are “those who fear their
Lord” and since the only people who truly fear their Lord are the
scholars, it follows then that the scholars are the best of Creation.
How could it be otherwise when Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)
proclaimed that the scholars are the inheritors of the Prophets? What he
meant by this is that scholars are those who convey the knowledge of
religion to the people and carry it from one generation to the next,
making them the best of people after the prophets if they are true and
sincere scholars.
People today have become confused about the meaning of the word
“scholar” in this context. Some assume it refers to any person with
specialized knowledge in any field, like medicine, engineering, or
chemistry. The true scholar in the context of our discussion is a person
who has knowledge about Allah, His religion, and His Law. Knowledge, in
an abstract, theoretical sense, is not enough. It must also affect the
heart.
Our pious predecessors did not recognize anyone as a scholar merely for
amassing a lot of facts and opinions. The scholar’s knowledge had to
visibly affect his or her behavior. The true scholar had to be humble,
ascetic, and reserved. Some of the pious predecessors said: “Scholars
are those who fear Allah so much that it affects their character, their
conduct – and their knowledge itself.”